PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SODIUM CHLORIDE (NaCl) is a technical grade salt primarily used in water-based drilling fluids, but also finds application in some invert emulsion systems. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White crystal powder Type Salt; Sea Salt pH 7 (1% aqueous solution) Specific Gravity 2.165g/cm3 Boiling Point 1413°C Melting Point 801°C Molecular Mass 58.44g/mole Solubility Soluble in water APPLICATION SODIUM CHLORIDE is a very versatile drilling fluid additive used in water-based drilling fluids to prevent the washing out of salt-bearing formations, increase the density, and stabilize the rheology and to aid in the inhibition of formations containing active shale. RECOMMENDED…

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SODIUM BICARBONATE is sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3), used in water-based mud as a source of bicarbonate ions to precipitate calcium. It also will reduce pH. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White Soild Type Sodium Bicarbonate Specific Gravity 2.159g/cm³ Molecular Masst 84.01g/mole Solubility Soluble APPLICATION SODIUM BICARBONATE is an economical and effective treatment for cement contamination. It precipitates calcium, reduces pH and deflocculates cement-contaminated fluids. RECOMMENDED TREATMENT Typical treatments with SODIUM BICARBONATE range from 0.5 - 2 lb/bbl. The amount of cement to be drilled and the degree of cement curing should be used as a basis for all…

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION SODA ASH is sodium carbonate (Na2 CO3), SODA ASH is used primarily to treat calcium contamination in water-based mud or make-up water. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance White Powder Type Sodium Carbonate pH 11.5 (1% aqueous solution) Specific Gravity 2.532g/cm³ Molecular Mass 105.99g/mole Melting Point 851°C Solubility Soluble in hot and partially soluble in cold water APPLICATION SODA ASH is primarily used to remove soluble Calcium ions coming from cement contamination or from penetrated anhydrite formations, and used to precipitate Calcium in make-up water. RECOMMENDED TREATMENT The drilling fluid should be pre-treated with approx. 1.4 kg/ m3 (0.5…

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (KCl) is a high-purity, dry crystalline inorganic salt used to form clear brine used in workover and completion operations. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Solid Type Potassium Chloride Specific Gravity 1.987g/cm3 Molecular Mass 74.55g/mole Boiling Point 1420°C Melting Point 770°C Solubility Soluble APPLICATION POTASSIUM CHLORIDE is used as a source of potassium ions. These ions, being non-hydrated and of the right size, compete strongly for the interlayer sites of swelling clay minerals such as montmorillonite and illite, in the mixed salt mud. RECOMMENDED TREATMENT The concentration of potassium depends on the level of magnesium and on…

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION LIME Calcium Hydroxide (Ca [OH] 2). It is used as a source of calcium and alkalinity in both water- and oil- based drilling fluids. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Solid Type Calcium Hydroxide pH 12.4 (1% solution) Specific Gravity 2.24g/cm³ Melting Point 310 - 320°C Solubility Soluble in water APPLICATION LIME is used to increase pH, providing excess LIME, removing soluble carbonate (CO3) ions, controlling corrosion, and activating oil-based drilling fluids. RECOMMENDED TREATMENT The amount of LIME may be added directly through the hopper; treatment depends on the desired density, viscosity limitations. Add lime for Low pH 0.5…

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Calcium Chloride (CaCI2) is a water soluble commercial chemical, used as a soluble weighing agent in completion, workover. PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Appearance Colorless, White, Crystalline solid Type Calcium Chloride pH 9 (1% Aqueous solution) Specific Gravity 2.15 g/cm3 Boiling Point 1670°C Melting Point 772°C Solubility Soluble APPLICATION It is used as a salinity source in oil mud and completion workover fluid. RECOMMENDED TREATMENT As a brine, Calcium Chloride can be used to formulate single-salt brine or in combination with other dual-valence salts to form brines of the required density. In oil-based fluids, treatments will depend on the…